diff --git a/blog-vault/.obsidian/app.json b/blog-vault/.obsidian/app.json
index 00b893843e4a20d5cc83e6d2aac4224f4e11aa5c..c7da54def3cf31d62981bf00390aea8b10353871 100644
--- a/blog-vault/.obsidian/app.json
+++ b/blog-vault/.obsidian/app.json
@@ -6,5 +6,6 @@
"margin": "0",
"downscalePercent": 100
},
- "alwaysUpdateLinks": true
+ "alwaysUpdateLinks": true,
+ "attachmentFolderPath": "images"
}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/blog-vault/.obsidian/workspace.json b/blog-vault/.obsidian/workspace.json
index 40e7cde7aaad07c17203dd4277e727ab955c479e..1829bd40a3e356c08997650cd06f5c5c1bab91a3 100644
--- a/blog-vault/.obsidian/workspace.json
+++ b/blog-vault/.obsidian/workspace.json
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@
"state": {
"type": "markdown",
"state": {
- "file": "posts/2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3.md",
+ "file": "posts/2025-01-24 Use multiple audio outputs at once on Ubuntu 24.04.md",
"mode": "source",
"source": false
},
"icon": "lucide-file",
- "title": "2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3"
+ "title": "2025-01-24 Use multiple audio outputs at once on Ubuntu 24.04"
}
}
]
@@ -181,10 +181,18 @@
},
"active": "5abe38380a493d59",
"lastOpenFiles": [
- "Untitled.md",
+ "images/Pasted image 20250124112849.png",
+ "images/Pasted image 20250124112639.png",
+ "images/Pasted image 20250124112342.png",
+ "posts/2024-12-26 Making a Debian Live Image.md",
+ "posts/2025-01-24 Use multiple audio outputs at once on Ubuntu 24.04.md",
+ "images/Pasted image 20250124102704.png",
+ "images/Pasted image 20250124102547.png",
+ "images/Pasted image 20250124101720.png",
+ "posts/2024-11-28 Escaping Text for URLs in Python.md",
"posts/2024-11-27 First Blog Post.md",
"posts/2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3.md",
- "posts/2024-11-28 Escaping Text for URLs in Python.md",
+ "Untitled.md",
"templates/Blog Post Template.md",
"images/Pasted image 20241127184913.png",
"images",
diff --git a/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124101720.png b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124101720.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ed43cacae7a6239a0529d21ee5d0f81c80c255fb
Binary files /dev/null and b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124101720.png differ
diff --git a/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124102547.png b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124102547.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0793287f49395222261c1ba995bc90d71186677e
Binary files /dev/null and b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124102547.png differ
diff --git a/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124102704.png b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124102704.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..71b153ecf1783700ed576c9c0a0381dbbce45bd1
Binary files /dev/null and b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124102704.png differ
diff --git a/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124112342.png b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124112342.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c4081eae08755afde829dd636b1678ecbbb939f8
Binary files /dev/null and b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124112342.png differ
diff --git a/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124112639.png b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124112639.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2de9fa285b29f2b69cc2c331f22eda3470d99517
Binary files /dev/null and b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124112639.png differ
diff --git a/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124112849.png b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124112849.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0b41c9f7603c8c030b712d4c978f00218ae980ea
Binary files /dev/null and b/blog-vault/images/Pasted image 20250124112849.png differ
diff --git a/blog-vault/posts/2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3.md b/blog-vault/posts/2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3.md
index 2b19d284c55c805a98cb9a1f21923271bdc78501..9a1e3b9ad011e81f052ecf46348bc36c741c0fbe 100644
--- a/blog-vault/posts/2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3.md
+++ b/blog-vault/posts/2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3.md
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
---
title: Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3
date: 2024-11-28T10:10:01+00:00
-draft: true
+draft: false
tags:
+ - rfid
---
Ah yes, the Proxmark 3. Makes it ludicrously easy to copy RFID and NFC fobs and cards. Best of all, it's open source and has a large community around it, constantly developing new features and fixing issues.
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ If all goes well, run `pm3` to get to the client:
./pm3
```
-# Step 3: Read Some Cards
+# Step 3: Clone Some Cards
## Which card do I have?
Cards can be one of two frequencies, LF (125KHz) or HF (13.56MHz)
To identify a card, place it onto the LF antenna and run `lf search`.
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ lf em 410x reader
The tag will respond with an ID:
```
[usb] pm3 --> lf em 410x reader
-[+] EM 410x ID 00032EBBDC
+[+] EM 410x ID 0003EA7A5D
```
## T5577 (LF)
diff --git a/blog-vault/posts/2024-12-26 Making a Debian Live Image.md b/blog-vault/posts/2024-12-26 Making a Debian Live Image.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a4e7ead2f88895ebb6fb40eb02c27015753b3bf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog-vault/posts/2024-12-26 Making a Debian Live Image.md
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+title: 2024-12-26 Making a Debian Live Image
+date: 2024-12-26T21:48:26+00:00
+draft: true
+tags:
+ - sysadmin
+ - ubuntu
+ - debian
+---
+I needed to make an x86 livecd image for a really old computer with a desktop environment and couldn't find any clear instructions on how to do it. Here we go!
+
+First, install live-build and the debian keyrings:
+```bash
+sudo apt install live-build debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring
+```
+
+Now, create a directory to hold your build:
+```bash
+mkdir live-default && cd live-default
+```
+
+Create the build files:
+```
+lb config -a i386 --mode debian -d bookworm --mirror-chroot http://deb.debian.org/debian --security false
+```
+Use i386 for x86, amd64 for x64. Note security is disabled here because it's broken and we need to add it separately.
+
+Create a list for packages to install, in my case xfce desktop:
+```bash
+touch config/package-lists/my.list.chroot
+echo "task-xfce-desktop" >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot
+echo "task-british-desktop" >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot
+```
+
+Add security updates back in:
+```bash
+echo "deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free" >> config/archives/security.list.chroot
+echo "deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free" >> config/archives/security.list.binary
+```
+
+Now clean and build the image:
+```bash
+sudo lb clean
+sudo lb build
+```
+
+```
+deb https://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free
+```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/blog-vault/posts/2025-01-24 Use multiple audio outputs at once on Ubuntu 24.04.md b/blog-vault/posts/2025-01-24 Use multiple audio outputs at once on Ubuntu 24.04.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..78378f7729674dc45cda22a1250385753bc1b868
--- /dev/null
+++ b/blog-vault/posts/2025-01-24 Use multiple audio outputs at once on Ubuntu 24.04.md
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+---
+title: Use multiple audio devices at once on Ubuntu
+date: 2025-01-24T10:08:29+00:00
+draft: true
+tags:
+ - sysadmin
+ - ubuntu
+---
+Now this is a tricky one if you don't know what you're doing.
+# What does audio do in Ubuntu?
+Ubuntu 24.04 makes away with the old and brings in Pipewire, which is a new graph-based audio and video framework. It's compatible with PulseAudio and JACK, the predecessors.
+
+# The easy way...
+You can patch audio devices with software like Helvum. Here's what it looks like:
+![[Pasted image 20250124101720.png]]As you can see, the media source is linked to my headphones via "wires". Multiple sources can go to one output, like so:
+![[Pasted image 20250124102547.png]]
+Apps usually only have an audio source when they are playing audio, and these automatically get patched to the default audio device as specified in Ubuntu's sound properties:
+![[Pasted image 20250124102704.png]]
+The problem is if you want all audio to come out of multiple devices you can't select multiple in the sound settings. Thus comes an audio sink device.
+# Audio sink?
+An audio sink device is just a device which passes audio between some other devices. The idea is to set the default output device to this sink, and then patch in whatever real audio devices the other side.
+
+To do this, we'll use PulseAudio. Run this command in the terminal.
+```code
+pactl load-module module-null-sink media.class=Audio/Sink sink_name=my-combined-sink channel_map=stereo
+```
+After you've done that, set your default audio device to the sink:
+![[Pasted image 20250124112342.png]]
+Finally, go into Helvum (or another Pipewire patch tool) and route the monitor_FL and monitor_FR to all your audio devices:
+![[Pasted image 20250124112639.png]]
+So, when audio's playing, it'll automatically connect to the sink:
+![[Pasted image 20250124112849.png]]
+And if you add new devices or other devices disconnect, you can just reconnect them and patch them back in.
+
+# The Downsides
+Now, there are a couple of downsides to this approach:
+- Bluetooth devices are a little flakey, especially when using high-bandwidth codecs. The solution to this would be to use multiple bluetooth adapters - one for each bluetooth device.
+- You have to re-patch devices when they reconnect. It's not that difficult to re-patch though, and there is probably a solution but I haven't looked too much into it.
+
+It is the best way I've found to do it, though!
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/content/posts/2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3.md b/content/posts/2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3.md
index 2b19d284c55c805a98cb9a1f21923271bdc78501..9a1e3b9ad011e81f052ecf46348bc36c741c0fbe 100644
--- a/content/posts/2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3.md
+++ b/content/posts/2024-11-28 Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3.md
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
---
title: Reading All The Cards with a Proxmark 3
date: 2024-11-28T10:10:01+00:00
-draft: true
+draft: false
tags:
+ - rfid
---
Ah yes, the Proxmark 3. Makes it ludicrously easy to copy RFID and NFC fobs and cards. Best of all, it's open source and has a large community around it, constantly developing new features and fixing issues.
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ If all goes well, run `pm3` to get to the client:
./pm3
```
-# Step 3: Read Some Cards
+# Step 3: Clone Some Cards
## Which card do I have?
Cards can be one of two frequencies, LF (125KHz) or HF (13.56MHz)
To identify a card, place it onto the LF antenna and run `lf search`.
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ lf em 410x reader
The tag will respond with an ID:
```
[usb] pm3 --> lf em 410x reader
-[+] EM 410x ID 00032EBBDC
+[+] EM 410x ID 0003EA7A5D
```
## T5577 (LF)
diff --git a/content/posts/2024-12-26 Making a Debian Live Image.md b/content/posts/2024-12-26 Making a Debian Live Image.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a4e7ead2f88895ebb6fb40eb02c27015753b3bf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/posts/2024-12-26 Making a Debian Live Image.md
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+title: 2024-12-26 Making a Debian Live Image
+date: 2024-12-26T21:48:26+00:00
+draft: true
+tags:
+ - sysadmin
+ - ubuntu
+ - debian
+---
+I needed to make an x86 livecd image for a really old computer with a desktop environment and couldn't find any clear instructions on how to do it. Here we go!
+
+First, install live-build and the debian keyrings:
+```bash
+sudo apt install live-build debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring
+```
+
+Now, create a directory to hold your build:
+```bash
+mkdir live-default && cd live-default
+```
+
+Create the build files:
+```
+lb config -a i386 --mode debian -d bookworm --mirror-chroot http://deb.debian.org/debian --security false
+```
+Use i386 for x86, amd64 for x64. Note security is disabled here because it's broken and we need to add it separately.
+
+Create a list for packages to install, in my case xfce desktop:
+```bash
+touch config/package-lists/my.list.chroot
+echo "task-xfce-desktop" >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot
+echo "task-british-desktop" >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot
+```
+
+Add security updates back in:
+```bash
+echo "deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free" >> config/archives/security.list.chroot
+echo "deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free" >> config/archives/security.list.binary
+```
+
+Now clean and build the image:
+```bash
+sudo lb clean
+sudo lb build
+```
+
+```
+deb https://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free
+```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/content/posts/2025-01-24 Use multiple audio outputs at once on Ubuntu 24.04.md b/content/posts/2025-01-24 Use multiple audio outputs at once on Ubuntu 24.04.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..908ff18ed094f92a4758754523abfa218c05ec32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/posts/2025-01-24 Use multiple audio outputs at once on Ubuntu 24.04.md
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+---
+title: Use multiple audio devices at once on Ubuntu
+date: 2025-01-24T10:08:29+00:00
+draft: true
+tags:
+ - sysadmin
+ - ubuntu
+---
+Now this is a tricky one if you don't know what you're doing.
+# What does audio do in Ubuntu?
+Ubuntu 24.04 makes away with the old and brings in Pipewire, which is a new graph-based audio and video framework. It's compatible with PulseAudio and JACK, the predecessors.
+
+# The easy way...
+You can patch audio devices with software like Helvum. Here's what it looks like:
+As you can see, the media source is linked to my headphones via "wires". Multiple sources can go to one output, like so:
+
+Apps usually only have an audio source when they are playing audio, and these automatically get patched to the default audio device as specified in Ubuntu's sound properties:
+
+The problem is if you want all audio to come out of multiple devices you can't select multiple in the sound settings. Thus comes an audio sink device.
+# Audio sink?
+An audio sink device is just a device which passes audio between some other devices. The idea is to set the default output device to this sink, and then patch in whatever real audio devices the other side.
+
+To do this, we'll use PulseAudio. Run this command in the terminal.
+```code
+pactl load-module module-null-sink media.class=Audio/Sink sink_name=my-combined-sink channel_map=stereo
+```
+After you've done that, set your default audio device to the sink:
+
+Finally, go into Helvum (or another Pipewire patch tool) and route the monitor_FL and monitor_FR to all your audio devices:
+
+So, when audio's playing, it'll automatically connect to the sink:
+
+And if you add new devices or other devices disconnect, you can just reconnect them and patch them back in.
+
+# The Downsides
+Now, there are a couple of downsides to this approach:
+- Bluetooth devices are a little flakey, especially when using high-bandwidth codecs. The solution to this would be to use multiple bluetooth adapters - one for each bluetooth device.
+- You have to re-patch devices when they reconnect. It's not that difficult to re-patch though, and there is probably a solution but I haven't looked too much into it.
+
+It is the best way I've found to do it, though!
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/static/images/Pasted image 20250124101720.png b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124101720.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ed43cacae7a6239a0529d21ee5d0f81c80c255fb
Binary files /dev/null and b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124101720.png differ
diff --git a/static/images/Pasted image 20250124102547.png b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124102547.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0793287f49395222261c1ba995bc90d71186677e
Binary files /dev/null and b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124102547.png differ
diff --git a/static/images/Pasted image 20250124102704.png b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124102704.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..71b153ecf1783700ed576c9c0a0381dbbce45bd1
Binary files /dev/null and b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124102704.png differ
diff --git a/static/images/Pasted image 20250124112342.png b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124112342.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c4081eae08755afde829dd636b1678ecbbb939f8
Binary files /dev/null and b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124112342.png differ
diff --git a/static/images/Pasted image 20250124112639.png b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124112639.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2de9fa285b29f2b69cc2c331f22eda3470d99517
Binary files /dev/null and b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124112639.png differ
diff --git a/static/images/Pasted image 20250124112849.png b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124112849.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0b41c9f7603c8c030b712d4c978f00218ae980ea
Binary files /dev/null and b/static/images/Pasted image 20250124112849.png differ